Surfactant proteins are a group of proteins that are involved in the maintenance of lung function and respiratory health. These proteins help to reduce surface tension in the lungs, making it easier for air to pass in and out of the alveoli. There are four main types of surfactant proteins, known as SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D. Research in this area focuses on understanding the roles of these proteins in lung function, as well as potential therapeutic strategies for lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and cystic fibrosis. Studies in this field often involve the characterization of these proteins, their interactions with lipids in the lungs, and their impact on respiratory health.